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    U.S. Study on Puberty Blockers Goes Unpublished Because of Politics, Doctor Says

    The leader of the long-running study said that the drugs did not improve mental health in children with gender distress and that the finding might be weaponized by opponents of the care.An influential doctor and advocate of adolescent gender treatments said she had not published a long-awaited study of puberty-blocking drugs because of the charged American political environment.The doctor, Johanna Olson-Kennedy, began the study in 2015 as part of a broader, multimillion-dollar federal project on transgender youth. She and colleagues recruited 95 children from across the country and gave them puberty blockers, which stave off the permanent physical changes — like breasts or a deepening voice — that could exacerbate their gender distress, known as dysphoria.The researchers followed the children for two years to see if the treatments improved their mental health. An older Dutch study had found that puberty blockers improved well-being, results that inspired clinics around the world to regularly prescribe the medications as part of what is now called gender-affirming care.But the American trial did not find a similar trend, Dr. Olson-Kennedy said in a wide-ranging interview. Puberty blockers did not lead to mental health improvements, she said, most likely because the children were already doing well when the study began.“They’re in really good shape when they come in, and they’re in really good shape after two years,” said Dr. Olson-Kennedy, who runs the country’s largest youth gender clinic at the Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles.That conclusion seemed to contradict an earlier description of the group, in which Dr. Olson-Kennedy and her colleagues noted that one quarter of the adolescents were depressed or suicidal before treatment.We are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More

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    Olympic Officials Defend Algerian’s Eligibility in Boxing Controversy

    Online fury and unclear rules have left organizers of the women’s boxing competition in Paris facing complex questions about fairness in women’s sports.Olympic officials on Friday tried urgently to rebut what they described as widespread “misinformation” that had turned a 46-second Olympic boxing match at the Paris Games into a forum for fierce debates and complicated questions about biology and competitive advantage in women’s sports.Mark Adams, the chief spokesman for the I.O.C., derided news articles and social media posts that he said sought to cast doubt — unfairly, in the view of Olympic officials and even some other competitors — on the gender of one of the boxers in the women’s competition, Imane Khelif of Algeria. Mr. Adams stressed at a news conference that Khelif is not transgender.“There has been some confusion that somehow it’s a man fighting a woman,” Mr. Adams said. “The question you have to ask yourself is, are these athletes women?” he added. “The answer is yes,” according to their eligibility, passport and history.Khelif won her opening bout on Thursday when her Italian opponent, Angela Carini, refused to continue, and after she was cleared to compete in the Olympics despite being suddenly disqualified during last year’s world championships in a dispute about her eligibility.Thursday’s fight ended after less than a minute when Carini abandoned the bout after taking a powerful punch to the face. Khelif, who had boxed as a woman for her entire career with occasional success, will fight next in the quarterfinals on Saturday.Carini later told reporters that the controversy over her defeat “makes me sad” and that she was worried about the focus on Khelif. “If the I.O.C. said she can fight, I respect that decision,” she said.We are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More

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    How Your Body and Mind Change in Midlife

    Midlife, typically defined as ages 40 to 60, is an inflection point. It’s a time when our past behaviors begin to catch up with us and we start to notice our bodies and minds aging — sometimes in frustrating or disconcerting ways. But it’s also an opportunity: What our older years will look and feel […] More

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    Male Pattern Baldness: How to Treat and Prevent Hair Loss

    Male-pattern baldness hits half of men by age 50. Here’s what to know about treatment and prevention.`It’s a day no man looks forward to: looking in the mirror and admitting that his widow’s peak is real. Or feeling the breeze on the crown of his head.Up to half of men will experience some form of male-pattern baldness by 50, and still more after that. Though our genetics and hormones play major roles in hair loss, the exact mechanisms aren’t fully understood, which is why treatments to stem and reverse it remain imperfect, said Dr. Arash Mostaghimi, vice chair of clinical trials and innovation in the dermatology department at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston.However, there are a few things you can do both before and after that fateful day comes. Here is what you need to know about what works, what’s new and what to avoid.What Causes Male Pattern BaldnessThe average human head contains around 100,000 hairs. Each is connected to a follicle, which can hold one to five hairs.“It’s basically its own organ,” Dr. Mostaghimi said of a scalp follicle. “It has its own stem cells. It regenerates.”Typically, men’s hair loss occurs because of an increase in an enzyme in the scalp that converts testosterone to a more potent form, called dihydrotestosterone (or DHT), Dr. Mostaghimi said. The reasons that one man might have more DMT than another are not well understood, but it has a genetic component.We are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More