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      Warning Sirens Were Silent Ahead of Deadly Tornado in St. Louis, City Says

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      Mayor Cara Spencer placed the city’s emergency manager on administrative leave pending an investigation into the failure to warn residents.Just before a tornado descended on St. Louis with a roar — killing five people and injuring dozens during its sweep through the city on Friday — there was a silence where there should not have been.There was no wailing warning from the city. No high-pitched alarm. Nothing to warn the city’s residents and send them scrambling to their basements or bathtubs. Only wind.The city’s sirens to warn people of a tornado threat were never activated by the City Emergency Management Agency, and a backup to activate the mechanism that is operated by the Fire Department was broken.Mayor Cara Spencer has placed the city’s emergency manager, Sarah Russell, on paid administrative leave while an investigation is conducted into a series of failures, Ms. Spencer’s office said in a statement issued on Tuesday. The mayor’s office also said that it had changed the protocol for activating the warning system as a result of what had happened.The city’s emergency management agency “exists, in large part, to alert the public to dangers caused by severe weather, and the office failed to do that in the most horrific and deadly storm our city has seen in my lifetime,” Ms. Spencer said in her statement.Ms. Russell could not immediately be reached for comment on Wednesday.City officials confirmed that one of five people killed in Friday’s storm was outside when the tornado ripped through St. Louis. About 40 people were injured in the storm, but city officials did not know how many of them were outdoors when they were hurt.We are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More

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      Trump’s Federal Cuts Threaten Natural Disaster Support Americans Rely On

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      President Trump’s efforts to downsize the government threaten essential functions that Americans have come to rely on before, during and after natural disasters.States and cities along ​t​he Atlantic and Gulf coasts are ​heading into hurricane season​ with an extraordinary level of uncertainty, unable to ​g​auge how significant cuts at vital federal agencies will affect weather forecasts, emergency response and long-term recovery.They are bracing for the likelihood that fewer meteorologists at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration will lead to less accurate forecasts, and that the loss of experienced managers at the Federal Emergency Management Agency will lead to less coordination and more inaction.Governors and mayors are also anticipating less financial aid, as the Trump administration shifts the burden of response and recovery away from the federal government. Exactly who will pay for what moving forward is a gaping question as disasters become bigger and costlier.“There’s no plan in writing for how FEMA intends to respond during this disaster season,” said Trina Sheets, the executive director of the National Emergency Management Association, which represents state emergency managers. “Things seem to be changing on a daily basis. But there’s no road map for states to follow or to be able to plan for.”FEMA did not respond to requests for comment.The Department of Government Efficiency, the cost-cutting initiative led by Elon Musk, has left agencies that would normally be preparing for a run of extreme weather at this point in the year trying instead to find their footing after leadership changes and staffing cuts.Workers with the Federal Emergency Management Agency looking through the wreckage in Swannanoa after Hurricane Helene, in October.Loren Elliott for The New York TimesWe are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More

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      Rare Chicago Dust Storm Turns Day Into Night

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      Day turned to night in northwest Indiana and north-central Illinois on Friday as a rare dust storm shrouded the skies.A large dust storm moved through Illinois on Friday, reducing visibility in the suburbs as well as in Chicago.Stephanie Alderson Heppe/UGC, via ReutersAn avalanche of fine particles rolled across northwest Indiana and north-central Illinois on Friday, turning day to night in an area of the country rarely hit by dust storms.A dark cloud suddenly brought near-zero visibility conditions on Friday afternoon to major highways, including Interstates 55 and 57 in Illinois, leading the National Weather Service to fire off a series of warnings about “dangerous, life-threatening” conditions on roads.As the wave of sifting dust blew into Chicago, it created a dramatic scene. Visibility dropped to a quarter-mile at Chicago Midway International Airport.“This is not common at all,” Zachary Wack, a meteorologist with the Weather Service office in Romeoville, 30 miles southwest of Chicago, said on Friday.Friday was the first time that the Weather Service office in Romeoville, which covers a large area that includes Chicago, had ever issued a dust storm warning for the city.Mr. Wack was working as the first warnings were being issued. Then the dust storm arrived at his office.We are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More

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      An Atmospheric River Brings Flooding Risks to the Mid-Atlantic

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      Forecasters warned of flash flooding through midweek, including areas of North Carolina still battered by Hurricane Helene.A slow-moving storm system that’s been called an atmospheric river is poised to deliver bouts of heavy rain across the Mid-Atlantic over the next few days, increasing the risk of flash floods.Forecasters expressed concern for areas where the ground is especially vulnerable in North Carolina. David Roth, a meteorologist at the Weather Prediction Center, said the state has been particularly at risk since Hurricane Helene.“Helene just made everything worse,” he said. “There were some landslides in western North Carolina from it. It takes a while to recover from a tropical cyclone. So their ground is more sensitive.”Mr. Roth said North Carolina’s complex terrain was another factor of concern.“They have a lot of up and down variation,” he said. “Even without Helene, almost every time it rains moderately, to have the mountains, basically you get these small waterfalls.”The Weather Prediction Center has issued a Level 2 out of 4 risk for excessive rainfall, potentially leading to flash flooding across eastern North Carolina, eastern Virginia, Maryland, eastern West Virginia and extending into central and southern Pennsylvania through Wednesday.Flood watches have been issued across these areas through late Tuesday.Rainfall totals were expected to range between one and three inches, and rain may fall at a rate of one to two inches an hour. Forecasters anticipated the intense rain to develop by late Tuesday morning, fueled by daytime warming.The Weather Prediction Center also noted that the hills and mountains stretching from southern Pennsylvania through Virginia could receive additional rainfall because of the way the air is being pushed up the slopes. Recent rainfall has saturated the ground in this region, further elevating the risk of flash flooding.The storm has brought repeated rounds of heavy rain to the Southeast since last week. Its slow-moving nature and a continuous feed of moisture from the Gulf and Atlantic are the main risk factors for flash floods.Forecasters have called this an atmospheric river, a term more commonly associated with the steady streams of moisture that soak the West Coast but that also describes patterns responsible for rain in the East.“You can call any warm conveyor belt circulation around a nontropical low an atmospheric river,” said Mr. Roth, adding that such systems are especially concerning when they stall.“This at least will show some progression,” he said. “It won’t be as bad as some of the multiday heavy rain events that the mountains of California can sometimes get.”The system is expected to reach the Great Lakes by Wednesday, when thunderstorms will most likely become more scattered and less intense. However, a lower-level risk for flash flooding, 1 out of 4, was expected across parts of the Carolinas and into southern Pennsylvania through Thursday. More

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      UK Battles Wildfires Amid Drought Warnings

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      A very dry start to spring has helped set off wildfires across Scotland, Wales and England, and officials have warned of a potential drought this summer.Wildfires erupted across Britain over the past week amid the driest start to spring in nearly 70 years. Fires burned through forested areas in Scotland, Wales and England, coinciding with declining river levels and warnings of drought.In Scotland, a large forest fire near the village of Fauldhouse, west of Edinburgh, broke out late Saturday morning and was still burning on Sunday. The Scottish Fire and Rescue Service deployed around 50 firefighters, supported by a helicopter dropping water over the woodland area. Mainland Scotland remains under an “extreme” wildfire risk warning through Monday, with officials urging the public to take precautions.Residents in nearby areas were advised by the police to keep windows and doors closed as emergency crews worked to contain the blaze.“Human behavior can significantly lower the chance of a wildfire starting, so it is crucial that people act safely and responsibly in rural environments,” officials said. In southwest Wales, a wildfire broke out on Friday evening on the Welsh Government Woodland Estate near Maerdy. Though it was brought under control, the blaze reignited in several places on Saturday morning before being extinguished on Sunday.Last week in England a major wildfire in Dartmoor, Devon, raged across more than 1,200 acres of land before being put out. Devon and Somerset Fire and Rescue Service said at the peak of the blazes, crews from 13 fire stations were deployed to the area, as well as wildlife support officers and a police helicopter.We are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More

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      Damaging Winds and Flash Floods Threaten Central and Eastern U.S. Tuesday

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      Forecasters warned of damaging winds, hailstones bigger than baseballs and flash floods in parts of an area stretching from Texas to upstate New York.Forecasters are warning of large hail, damaging winds and flash flooding in areas from Texas to upstate New York, as a dangerous storm system continues to tear across central and eastern parts of the United States.The National Weather Service’s Storm Prediction Center has placed parts of western Texas and southwestern Oklahoma, as well as stretches of the Ohio Valley, western Pennsylvania and upstate New York, under an “enhanced” risk of severe weather on Tuesday, the third level of its five-level classification system.Forecasters warned that southern areas faced the threat of hail and isolated tornadoes, while the Northern United States, including the Great Lakes, was at risk of damaging winds.The Storm Prediction Center warned that hailstones larger than baseballs could fall in northwest Texas on Tuesday, accompanied by wind gusts of up to 75 miles per hour. The threat of severe weather was expected to grow stronger through the day.Tornadoes were also possible in parts of Texas and Oklahoma, the Ohio Valley and upstate New York. But Matt Mosier, a lead forecaster at the Storm Prediction Center, said that they were not expected to be the main hazard.Tuesday’s severe weather threats follow a tense Monday in the Upper Midwest, where areas of Iowa, Minnesota and Wisconsin had been placed under a higher risk of tornadoes, at the fourth level in the Weather Service’s classification system. In the end, just two were reported in Minnesota and Wisconsin, a quieter outcome that forecasters attributed to thunderstorms remaining along the cold front associated with the storm system.“When that occurs, it makes it less likely to produce a tornado and more likely to produce hail and damaging winds,” Mr. Mosier said.Still, areas of Oklahoma saw teacup-sized hail, while wind gusts of as high as 68 m.p.h. were recorded in Kansas.Another concern on Tuesday is rain: Northeast Texas, central Oklahoma and western Arkansas were under moderate risk of flash flooding through Thursday, with the Weather Service warning of “locally catastrophic flooding” in parts of southwest Oklahoma as rain falls on already recently soaked grounds.“When you get a stalled cold front like that and there’s a lot of moisture around, it’s kind of a recipe for numerous rounds of rain and storms,” Mr. Mosier said.The storm is expected to move eastward by the weekend, with high pressure bringing a period of calmer weather. But any respite may be short-lived, as another storm system is expected to develop over the western United States as soon as Saturday.“It’s just that time of year,” Mr. Mosier said. “We don’t really go a very long period of time without some sort of system coming through again.” More

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      Sweating to Shivering: Study Finds Rapid Swings in Temperature Have Increased

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      Flips between warm temperatures to cold and vice versa have become quicker, more frequent and more intense in recent decades, a new study shows.Wildfire smoke tinged the sky orange in Fort Collins, Colo., in the Rocky Mountains region on Sept. 7, 2020, during a heat wave, before temperatures dropped significantly overnight and a snowstorm hit the area.A September heat wave switching into a snowstorm over one day in the Rocky Mountains. Winter snowfall suddenly melting and saturating fields of dormant crops, before refreezing and encasing them in damaging ice. Early spring warmth prompting plants to blossom followed by a cold snap that freezes and drops their petals.Rapid temperature change events like these have increased in frequency and intensity over recent decades, a new study found.The transition periods for these abrupt temperature shifts have also shortened, according to the study, published Tuesday in the journal Nature Communications.Because the quick changes in temperature give communities and ecosystems little chance to respond, they may pose greater challenges than heat waves or cold snaps alone, said Wei Zhang, an assistant professor of climate science at Utah State University and one of the lead authors of the study.“The impact could really be cascading on a different level,” he said.The researchers warned these temperature flips could have damaging effects on people and natural environments, including destruction of crops, harm to ecosystems and strains on power infrastructure. And low-income countries, where there is less access to weather forecasting and infrastructure is less resilient, are more vulnerable.The researchers examined temperature data from 1961 to 2003 to identify global patterns in sudden weather shifts, where temperatures in an area either jumped from cold temperatures to warm or plunged from warm to cold within five days. They found that instances of these flips increased in more than 60 percent of regions they surveyed.We are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More

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      What Spring? Snow Blankets the Northeast.

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      Two to five inches of snow fell over an area stretching from Albany, N.Y., to Maine overnight Friday into Saturday morning, forecasters said.Residents across a broad stretch of the Northeast woke up on Saturday to snow blanketing backyards and frosting trees, just as the pastel colors of Easter promised that spring was near.An area stretching from around Albany, N.Y., to Maine experienced moderate snowfall, mostly from two to five inches, overnight Friday into Saturday morning, according to the National Weather Service. And while spring technically started on March 20, snowfall at this time of year is far from rare.“In upstate New York, you know, a couple inches here and there is certainly not unheard-of, even in the early spring,” said Abbey Gant, a meteorologist with the Weather Service office in Albany.In Maine, where two to five inches of snow had fallen by Saturday morning, Michael Clair, a Weather Service meteorologist, said that the snow was “nothing we haven’t seen before.”It’s also something the state might see again before warmer weather moves in.“It’s still too early to say we’re done for sure,” Mr. Clair said. “This is sort of what our spring looks like. It’s a mix of things.”Snow was expected to continue through Saturday, tapering off as the day progressed, before the region dries out next week, forecasters said.For Jill Woodworth, 58, who grew up in Connecticut and has lived in Orange, Mass., for the past 25 years, waking up to snow in April can be routine, but it’s still shocking.In Orange, Mass., snow in April is not necessarily unusual but can still come as a bit of a shock, one resident said.Jill Woodworth“I’ve lived in this area for most of my life, and it’s not unusual, but it’s just like, ‘Oh my God,’” Ms. Woodworth said. “It feels like it’s been a long ramp up to spring with the flowers and the trees.”Ms. Woodworth said she remembered past Aprils when up to two feet of snow had fallen. This time around, she estimated that only about two inches had dusted her backyard, with no need to shovel any snow.“I’ll brush off the car, though,” she said, “before I go get Dunkin’.” More